The Soviet Withdrawal From Afghanistan - 1224 Words

In the 1970s Afghanistan got most of its income from the international state system, but the societies were split between a rural and urban economy. The Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989 created predation by commanders and smuggling into Pakistan because of this high risk environment peasants had to adapt. The Taliban was created by Afghan and Pakistan religious leaders to benefit from social capital because of commanders imposed heavy costs on trades between Pakistan and Afghanistan (Rubin, 2000, p. 1791). Since the reign of the Taliban and constant conflict, Afghanistan has yet to establish a stable economy and functional administration. This lack of administration has left the country open to weak economic development. The country has seen failures in the processes of trying to establish businesses and many impediments in private-sector production and investment such as an underdeveloped financial sector and infrequent access to finances. It has seen a severely underdeveloped labor market, and very poor social welfare programs. Afghanistan sees very low education rates and mass unemployment. The country also sees a problem with resource and economic distribution. This poverty, underdevelopment, and instability are often associated with country’s that are willing to be safe havens for terrorists. Because of these poverty and instability conditions Afghanistan has created a country where rational terrorist see a high opportunity cost and a low risk to their actionsShow MoreRelat edOperation Cyclone : The United States Central Intelligence Agency ( Cia ) Program1452 Words   |  6 Pageswarriors in Afghanistan .The program inclined vigorously towards supporting activist Islamic gatherings that were supported by the administration of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq in neighboring Pakistan. Operation Cyclone was one of the longest and most costly secret CIA operations ever attempted. Subsidizing proceeded after 1989 as the mujahideen fought the strengths of Mohammad Najibullah s PDPA amid the common war in Afghanistan. Nur Muhammad Taraki communist supporters, seized control in Afghanistan on 1978Read MoreA Day Inside Afghanistan1679 Words   |  7 PagesIn a small, crumbling, mud building, deep inside Afghanistan, a few mullahs sat, drank tea and discussed the future of their country. They watched their homeland plunge into disarray after the withdrawal of the Soviet army and downfall of the Soviet-backed government. Additionally, they witnessed corruption, bloodshed and fellow countrymen living a life other than the prophetic way prescribed in the Hadith. It was with these realizations, and determination to cleanse their homeland, a movement wouldRead MoreHistory of Afghanistan and Pakistan1197 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis Historically Afghanistan and Pakistan have had a good relationship. During the 1980s, Afghan refugees used the Durand Line border to flee the soviet takeover of their country. With funds aid from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Pakistan hosted over 3 million Afghans at various refugee camps. In 1999, the United States gave $70 million in assistance to Afghan refugees in Pakistan. Pakistan also became the major training ground for the Mujahideen rebel fighters who foughtRead MoreU.s. Troops From Afghanistan2839 Words   |  12 Pages Exiting Afghanistan Austin Schmidt American Government Mr. Pankow November 18, 2014 Over the years there s been a lot of controversy over the fact that U.S. troops are currently residing in Afghanistan and have been there since 2001. Many are wondering why we re still there and why haven t we left yet. Others want to know the positive outcomes of the roughly thirteen years that our troops have been there. Are we doing the right thing by being there? Background information aboutRead MoreThe Beginning of the End for the Cold War1228 Words   |  5 PagesDeclining economy and diminishing legitimacy of the Soviet system at domestic level did play a crucial role, however, many realist believe that it was the US especially President Regan’s policies (Regan Doctrine) which concluded the Cold War contest with victory for the west. Kegley believes that by engaging Moscow in an arm race, the Soviet Union was dragged into a competition which exhausted their already fragile economy leading them initially into retrenchment and ultimately out of the contestRead MoreAfghanistan Is Like A Goat On Which The Lion And The Bear Have Both Fixed Their Eyes?1466 Words   |  6 PagesAfghanistan , a buffer state between two super powers in the first half of 20th century, was pulled into war during the latter half, first against the USSR and then against the local rival groups or militias. The 21st century yet again brought this country into a nother conflict. This time it was the West led by the Americans and their puppet Pakistan, the former allies in driving out Russia from Afghanistan. The traditional buffer state of Afghanistan, due to its location at the cross roads of AsiaRead MoreIrregular Warfare: One Nature, Many Characters1740 Words   |  7 Pagesstable political system (democracy), and globally dominate economy, we can and will, be successful in COIN operations. Examining each of these pillars of power will illustrate the advantage the United States has already demonstrated in Iraq and Afghanistan, and how these pillars will give us the strategic advantage in irregular warfare or â€Å"COIN,† going forward. Three pillars form the foundation of my argument of why the United States can and should engage in COIN operations in the future. TheRead MoreAl Qaeda Terrorist Group1239 Words   |  5 Pagesin the world. It was established around 1990 by a Saudi millionaire, Osama Bin Laden, to bring together Arabs who fought in Afghanistan against the Soviet invasion. The goal of the organization is to reestablish the Muslim state throughout the world. Al Qaeda works with allied Islamic extremist groups to overthrow regimes it deems non-Islamic and remove Westerners from Muslin countries. Groups affiliated with Al Qaeda have conducted numerous bombings and other violent attacks throughout theRead MoreThe Islamic Republic Of Afghanistan1704 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Throughout history the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan has faced numerous invasions, a series of civil wars and enormous bloodshed. In 1978 the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) seized power in a coup against President Mohamed Daoud in what is known as the Saur Revolution. This revolution is said to be the catalyst for upheaval and armed resistance that would follow for the next 20 years. Opposition of the communist regime resulted in the rise of guerilla mujahideen forcesRead MoreAfghanistan ( Post Soviet )1192 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment 1: Insurgency in Afghanistan (Post-Soviet), 1992–1996 By Mukesh Kesharwani 27-Dec-14 Mujahideen’s Afganistan 1992-1996 Afganistan is a terrotity which was a battleground between the great powers for centuries. Afganistan history is a war history since the 3rd Century when it was a part of Ashoka’s Maurayan Empire and becomes a buffer state between British and Russian empire by the end of the 19th Century. War culture produced a great warriors of history like Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni