Joan of arc Essay -- Biography

Joan of Arc Through all the difficulties and blood, Joan of Arc was a savage warrior and driven the French to finish triumph. Beginning in a lady town, and to a greater degree a stun for being a lady, Joan totally change herself and France. Progressing in a year and a month, delegated a hesitant lord, revitalized broken individuals, turned around the course of an extraordinary war, and pushed history into another way (Richey 1); Joan bacome famous. Nobody can ever stifle what she accomplished at such a youthful age. Joan of Arc (Jehanne Darc) was conceived January sixth, 1412 of every a little town of Domremy, France. She grew up as a reliable Catholic and a sweet, deferential lady young lady. As indicated by a forecast, a youthful lady young lady would spare France and sure enough Joan would be that young lady. Beginning at age twelve, she started having dreams of various Angels and hearing voices from the Saints and God himself. Furthermore, with these requests, she made a consecrated guarantee to consistently remain a virgin and ignored her dad despite the fact that he caution her not to be impact by this madness. When she was nineteen, she was up being investigated for cases of black magic despite the fact that she spared France. All through her experiences, she enlivened others and indicated she was the same despite the fact that she was a young lady. All through every circumstance, the voices and dreams helped Joan on what she needed to do. At whatever point she sobbed and felt miserable, they carried her to her feet. This support develop a lot of self-assurance in Joan as an intrepid pioneer. With this blessing, Joan utilized it to help persuade the congregation and the skipper of Vaucouleurs, Robert de Baudricourt, she was picked to help spare France and have Dauphin Charles VII delegated King. When given the consent, she was given covering b... ...his during WWI, her name was summoned by Allies on front lines to pay tribute for the rousing head Joan became to be. Joan affected France and the world by making a national cognizance that never existed and turned into a character religion that grasped all who admired her. She made a flat out staggering good effect on everybody, regardless of on the off chance that they were against the reality she has an uncommon blessing, by the entirety of her military triumphs and the enthusiasm and commitment she gave, which likewise helped every one of her officers put stock in themselves. Joan pulled all the destroyed chaos from these individuals in France and brought back a confident future and reestablishment grasp. Not just the fights Joan won for France and bringing alive an extraordinary King, yet she will be associated with her phenomenal administration, in any event, when she was killed, and battling and biting the dust for a big motivator for she.

Alternative Automobiles: The Electric Cars

As time moves toward the 21st century, the vehicle has become our significant wellspring of mass transportation. Everything about our way of life and society has created around this essential type of movement. Be that as it may, alongside this need comes the issue of contamination to the earth. These incredible gas controlled vehicles have contributed extraordinarily to the debasement of our condition. The two noticeable option energized vehicles yet raised are the Electric vehicle (EV) and the Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). A definitive perfect, effective vehicle is the EV, a vehicle fueled by an electrical engine, which is controlled by batteries and constrained by an on-board PC. In any case, there are inquiries regarding the mid-term reasonability of EV vehicles. This is because of uncertain specialized issues of on-board vitality stockpiling limit, high vehicle cost, and foundation impediments (e. g. , absence of open charging stations, fix/substitution offices, and battery reusing focuses). HEV vehicles are nearly as spotless as the EV†s and have vehicle execution equivalent to that of today†s standard inner ignition motor vehicles. Increasingly significant, such execution gives off an impression of being accessible in the mid-term future (e. g. , 2002), and in this manner speaks to a functional, in fact feasible elective methodology. Some propose we create both the EV†s and HEV†s in equal, in light of the fact that a considerable lot of the specialized headways can be shared and on the grounds that either or both will be expected to accomplish proficiency and clean air objectives. In contrast to EV or the HEV vehicles, engine vehicles create more air contamination than some other human made machine. This air contamination, or poisonous blend of synthetic concoctions discharged by engine vehicles, is perceived as a significant wellbeing danger. As indicated by the American Lung Association, this air contamination slaughters somewhere in the range of 60,000 and 120,000 individuals in the United States every year and expenses $93 billion dollars in doctor's visit expenses. A portion of these air-dirtying ozone depleting substances that are discharged or ascribed to gas fueled vehicles are chlorofluorocarbon (CFC†s), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), and the antecedents to tropospheric ozone †hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These fuel controlled vehicles are likewise a significant wellspring of carbon monoxide (CO). CFC†s are the most intense ozone depleting substances on a for every unit mass premise. They presently contribute almost 24 percent of the complete an Earth-wide temperature boost impact. While steady enhancements can be made in standard vehicles, controllers and automobile creators have characterized in any event two new vehicle classes that may give a stage savvy improvement in outflows. These are the Electric Vehicle and the Hybrid Electric Vehicle. In contrast to an EV, a HEV uses the irregular activity of a little motor to help a normally battery-controlled electric impetus framework. The electric engine impels the front wheels at low speeds. At higher velocities the inward burning motor dominates. At the point when the motor drives the vehicle, it consequently charges the batteries utilized for the electric engine, along these lines making the battery pack significantly littler. EV and HEV vehicles are significantly more helpful to nature than inward burning motors. The EV vehicles have a zero tailpipe emanation. Another serious issue of engine vehicles is its risky nature after its life vanishes. Car junkyards, which litter the American scene, contain heaps of old separated vehicles. From such junkyards are the issue of oil, lead, and sulfuric acids, which enter the ground. Anyway the lead in the batteries of electric vehicles is in a truly steady structure, dissimilar to the follow measures of lead in even unleaded gas and since electric vehicles don't contain oil or chlorofluorocarbons, they don't chance polluting the zone. Commotion is likewise a favorable position of getting an electric vehicle. Since engine vehicles have burning engines, they will in general be noisy and disagreeable. Then again, EV vehicles don't have a burning motor; along these lines, they are discernibly calmer. Since the electric vehicle engines are likewise increasingly effective contrasted with engine vehicles, they are relied upon to last over a million miles contrasted with the engine vehicles† one hundred thousand miles. At first, HEV vehicles are not expected to contend legitimately with standard vehicles on execution alone (e. g. , speeding up and go), however they are required to offer advantages that a standard vehicle doesn't offer. Contrasted with the present standard vehicles, HEV vehicle will lessen neighborhood/local contamination, by methods for: expanded vehicle mileage, (multiple times per gallon of fuel) , lower emanations per vehicle mile voyaged. Impetus frameworks that can be cycled off during unpredictable driving, delivering no emanations, powers or fuel frameworks with decreased fuel dissipation and refueling misfortunes. Similarly as with any new innovation, there are blocks to its prepared acknowledgment by customers. At first there might be protection from the vehicles' more significant expense and somewhat decreased execution. Tough and sturdy frameworks will be expected to give believability to a case of long existence with low outflows.

Teaching Race Explicitly in the Classroom Essay -- Education

Showing Race Explicitly in the Classroom Numerous proficiency specialists call attention to the way that at the school level, dark understudies who go to every dark school will in general be more fruitful than those going to overwhelmingly white schools. Despite the fact that these schools regularly need assets and money related strength, they in any case produce more high accomplishing dark understudies than prevalently white schools. For example, as per Fleming, dark understudies going to Historically Black Universities and Colleges (HBUC) have higher graduation rates than those going to predominately white establishments. Additionally, understudies who move on from a HBUC and proceed to go to transcendently white doctoral level colleges do similarly just as understudies who have moved on from overwhelmingly white universities (Fleming 1). Would could it be that dark schools and dark educators have that produces scholastically effective dark understudies? What ways to deal with taking in can white educators embrace from d ark instructors so as to boost the learning of these understudies? Chime Hooks, creator of Teaching to Transgress: Education as the Practice of Freedom, experienced childhood in the South. As a little youngster, she went to an isolated school, yet then made the progress into an integrated school later in her childhood. Snares accepts that the instruction she got at the all-dark school was obviously better than the training at the integrated school. Snares clarifies: Practically the entirety of our instructors at Booker T. Washington were dark ladies. They were focused on sustaining our acumen with the goal that we could become researchers, scholars, and social workersâ€black people who utilized our minds†¦Within these isolated schools, dark youngsters who were regarded outstanding, skilled were given unique care†¦When we entered rac... ..., Jacqueline Jordan and James W. Fraser. Warm Demanders. Education Week 17 (1998): n. pag. On the web. Web. 21 May 1998. Accessible FTP: http//:www.edweek.org/ew/vol-17/35irvine.h17 Jones, LeAlan and Newman, Lloyd. Our America: Life and Death on the South Side of Chicago. New York: Washington Square Press Publication, 1997. Ladson-Billings, Gloria. The Dreamkeepers: Successful Teachers of African American Youngsters. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1994. Smitherman, Geneva. The Blacker the Berry, The Sweeter the Juice. 1994. Tatum, Beverly. Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? New York: Basic Books, 1997. Villegas, A. School Failure and Cultural Mismatch: Another View. The Urban Review, 20.4 (1988): 253-265. Wellman, David. Pictures of White Racism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1977.

Impact Of Foreign Direct Investment In Nation Development Economics Essay

The developing of global creation is primarily determined by monetary and innovative powers. It is other than driven by the on-going progression of Foreign Direct Investments ( FDI ) and exchange approaches. Outside Direct Investments ( FDI ) alludes to a global putting made by an occupant element in one monetary framework ( Direct Investor ) with the point of set uping a changeless association in an undertaking. Globalization offers surpassing possibilities for creating states to achieve a fast financial developing through exchange and contributing. Remote Direct Investment is considered as a significant affectation to financial developing in creating states, as it adds to have state monetary developing, by uplifting the state ‘s capital stock, introducing integral sources of info, bring oning building transportation and ability obtaining, or expanding rivalry among neighborhood businesses. Yet, only a couple of states have been effective in pulling significant FDI influxs to their state inferable from such a large number of grounds. FDI carry away genuinely necessary assets to creating states, for example, capital, designing, administrative achievements, enterprising achievements, exchange names and dish to new markets and so on. These are basic for an immature state to industrialize, create and make occupations attacking the need situation in their states. As such most immature states perceive the conceivable estimation of FDI and have changed their putting governments and occupied with contributing exposure. Globalization and local incorporating understandings can change the degree and type of FDI what's more it diminishes the exchange costs. Be that as it may, FDI streams to creating states began to get in the mid 1990s for the most part as a result of orderly expansion in progression of FDI strategies in these states and the acknowledgment of all things considered all the more outward orientated arrangements. This investigation endeavors to go to the effect of FDIs towards the advancement of a state, main components of pulling FDIs and issues looked by the host states in pulling FDIs. At the last part of this examination incorporate proposals to have state specialists to follow towards remote financial specialists, so as to progress monetary turn of events. For the aim of assignment of issues and turn toing of proposals Sri Lanka, an immature express that keeps depend on FDIs is taken in to consideration.2.0 Host state determiners that impacts the deluge of FDI ‘sFDI judgments rely upon a variety of highlights of the host monetary system,Size of the MarketThere can be seen a decent notable connection among FDI and the size of the market and each piece great similarly as with a portion of its highlights ( for example mean pay degrees and developing rates ) . At the point when the GDP of a state is nearly nothing, it is a list of low level of national salary. As such financial special ists want to place in states where there is a high developing intensity and where there is a major market for their stocks and services.OpennessEven however the speculators pay going to on the size and the developing of the market as of import, the various household showcase factors are typically considerably less significant in send out arranged outside houses. Wide spread infiltration is that loosened financial frameworks support progressively remote contributing. One record of receptiveness is the near size of the fare division. Especially manufacture sends out are a significant determiner of FDI influxs. Speculators favor states where there are liberal guidelines and mandates corresponding to remote trade.Labor expenses and productivenessLabour cost is a significant factor for outside financial specialists extraordinarily while doing their investings in labor escalated businesses and for send out arranged subordinates. ( For an outline opening up article of clothing factories, t rade handling houses where bigger figure of representatives is required ) Low compensation rates, as it were, animate financial specialists to do their putting conclusions in an impossible to miss state. Anyway when the expense of work is similarly undistinguished ( when pay rates fluctuate fairly from state to state ) the achievements of the work power are relied upon to hold an effect on judgments about FDI locationPolitical HazardHigh returns in the extractive ventures appear to balance for political unsteadiness. When all is said in done, each piece long as the outside organization is certain of having the option to run profitably without undue danger to its capital and powers, it will proceed to put. Enormous organizations defeat a portion of the political perils by puting in their ain base consideration and their ain security powers. Be that as it may, these organizations are controlled by minimal neighborhood markets and conversion scale dangers since they will in general sel l altogether on the global market. In the event that a state is helpless against a higher level of open violences, work contrasts, and corruptness and on the off chance that it has more prominent condemnable degree, those will be the determiners that limit remote investings.Infrastructure FacilitiesInfrastructure covers numerous measurements runing from streets, ports, railways and media transmission frameworks required to institutional improvement ( for example Lawful administrations, bookkeeping and so on ) The degree of transport establishments and the propinquity to significant ports has a significant positive outcome on the area of FDI inside the state. Poor base can be considered both to be a deterrent and each piece great as a possibility for remote investing.Incentives and working conditionsRemoval of limits and stipulation of a sound domain for worries that comprises of better working conditions, lower income upgrade rates or income improvement excursions are overall accept ed to hold a positive effect on energizing FDI. Further affectations, for example, the conceding of equivalent intercession to remote financial specialists corresponding to neighborhood inverse numbers and the hole up of new markets ( for example air movement, retailing, banking ) have been accounted for as of import elements of elevating FDI streams to an impossible to miss state.DenationalizationThrough denationalization it has pulled in some remote putting influxs in late mature ages. In any case, when venturing out on to the majority of the turn of events, low salary states headway is still low because of divestments of area resources. This has become policy driven issues that demotivate speculators. For an outline representative restriction and their forceful activities over denationalization or different moves which compromise their bing occupations and specialist rights may move as a demoralizing component of FDI.3.0 Issues to pull FDIMajority of the low salary states includi ng Sri Lanka neglect to pull huge FDI streams in to their states as local markets are little in size. Financial specialists are disinclined to place in their factories in the event that they can't pull a minimum amount for their stocks. Inconceivability of pulling FDI because of miss of transparency in the financial framework as the fare creation division is administered by firm guidelines and the issues looked by the business because of miss of or get free ofing of amount. Work showcase rigidnesss and significant salary rates in the conventional division with contrasting with different states like China, Vietnam is much of the time saw as a demoralizing element so as to pull significant in streams in to the fare part in impossible to miss. Lower productiveness with contrasting with states like China and states in aircraft Saharan Africa and insufficiency of applied researchers and capable staff is accounted for as holding back conceivable remote contributing, especially in creating sends out part. Further it reduces the fascination of puting in gainful segments. Higher level of work contrasts, work stoppages, open violences, corruptness in the state and each piece great as some of specialists hardened approaches wastefulness in the people segment are the causal variables that keep speculators from puting in Sri Lanka. Poor foundation can be viewed as a hindrance to pull FDI to bring down pay states like Sri Lanka. Host specialists can pull significant FDI by permitting increasingly noteworthy outside commitment in the foundation area. In Sri Lanka even extreme there is a significant expansion in FDI in media transmission and aircrafts. Other progressively fundamental foundation, for example, streets, buildings stay ugly reflecting both he low returns and higher political perils of such investings. Despite the fact that the specialists has evacuated certain restrictions late, which has been forced before on FDI, the lack of transparence, excessive hold in contributing gift processs, inadequacy of obvious approach for contributing gift and broadened bureaucratic frameworks are still go about as disheartening elements of outside investings. Because of worker perceptual experience sing remote managers and their forceful activities against denationalization and tendency towards region ain undertakings go about as an obstruction to pull outside speculators. Further a figure of basic occupations are limiting the system of denationalization. Slow developing and lower level of rivalry in financial markets which has been described by wasteful aspects, insufficiency of profundity and transparence and the nonappearance of regulative processs as those are as yet kept on being overwhelmed by specialists action and are every now and again shielded from rivalry. Despite the fact that the perspectives of the common society on the effect of FDI on chances for residential concern and monetary exercises is sure and the net demeanor of remote houses toward FDI uncovers that the putting clime has non improved in Sri Lanka as a result of lack of good organization, corruptness, political unsteadiness and irritation, bureaucratic idleness and hapless low and request condition of affairs.4.0 Overall confinements in FDIMost South Asiatic states have changed value restrictions on FDI in the administrations area to advance exchange under Mode 3, for example Exchange through business nearness. Checking out the advancement of administrations that has taken topographic point in various states in the part, in various areas, noteworthy uneven progression has tak

Personal Philosophy of Education Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Reasoning of Education - Personal Statement Example By and by, one of the most widely recognized elements that describe most methods of reasoning in training is the issue of social instructional method. Social instructional method alludes to an instructive methodology that centers around giving all encompassing training and cares to understudies (Lingard, Nixon, and Ranson, 2008 p. 23). Social educators are guided by four fundamental standards. These are all encompassing instruction, comprehensive prosperity, advancing human government assistance, and embellishment understudies to become dependable individuals from the general public. Comprehensive training pays more prominent accentuation on issues, for example, subjective turn of events, passionate and otherworldly turn of events, just as physical and pragmatic abilities advancement. My own instruction theory depends on the conviction that all instructors ought to be social educators. I accept that instruction ought to be viewed as the way toward enabling students to make the best out of their lives paying little heed to their age. In this way, instruction ought not be viewed as a method of segregating or classifying individual based on their age or foundations. Accordingly, the principle approach ought to view all students as individuals who should be trained how to make the best out of their lives (Tisdall, 2006 p. 34). In such manner, a training framework should concentrate on engaging understudies to manage contemporary difficulties and issues influencing people. For example, contemporary instruction should concentrate on engaging students to manage issues, for example, environmental change, psychological warfare, monetary difficulties, and the issues of globalization and social mix. I additionally accept that this sort of training must be accomplished in a particular learning condition that is portrayed by a high feeling of correspondence, equivalence, and el evated collaborations among instructors and students. In lieu of this, teachers need to think about students, independent of their age, as individual people; thus the need to treat them equally.â

5 Things College Freshmen Should Know About Sexual Assault

5 Things College Freshmen Should Know About Sexual Assault February 16, 2018 PeopleImages/istock More in Relationships Violence and Abuse Spouses & Partners LGBTQ In an open letter posted online, Kenyon alumnus Michael Hayes details how Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio mishandled the sexual assault of his sister, Chelsie. In his letter, he says that the college betrayed his trust and failed his sister when the lengthy administrative process eventually found the accused not guilty. His blunt account of what happened is not an uncommon story on college campuses. Sexual assault at U.S.  universities is a serious problem.  In fact, there is an epidemic of sexual assault with one  in five women and one in 16 men being sexually assaulted while in college, according to the National Sexual Violence Resource Center. What Should College Administrators Do Differently? Advocates say one reason the frequency of sexual assault on campuses continues to be high is that college administrators are in denial about the scope of the problem. They also point out fragmented reporting channels; long, cumbersome reporting procedures;  and the desire to maintain a certain public image as the reasons victims and their cases  are not being helped appropriately. According to  Vanessa Grigoriadis, author of  Blurred Lines: Rethinking Sex, Power Consent on Campus, 99 percent of college anti-assault orientation programs are not effective. Whats more, she says almost all American schools teach bystander education seminars which help students learn to stop assaults themselves. But the only program that is proven to work is an advanced type of womens self defense. And according to Grigoriadis, only three universities teach this type right now. These are Oregon, Ohio University, and Florida Atlantic University.   I think most Ivy League schools are doing an excellent job as well, Grigoriadis adds.  I also recently read the rules about sex put out by the University of Iowa, and I found them impressive. Christian universities have been slower to adopt many rules and protect their female students, but they are giving it a shot now. However, any school that has a major football team bringing in a ton of revenue could have some corruption within that team. Colleges need to admit to themselves that American kids form their sexual identities when they’re in college; even if that isn’t on the curriculum, that’s what a lot of students are there to do, Grigoriadis adds.  Armed with this knowledge, they should take a hard look at their party culture. They don’t need to sign up kids for orientation seminars about not raping, which is what they are doing right now. They need to address the binge drinking and out of control social life on their campuses, particularly at male-dominated frats and football parties. In her book,  Grigoriadis  says that universities also  could improve the situation by banning frat parties during the beginning weeks of college. Kids going to these parties...have just left their childhood homes, she writes. They should not be thrust into a risky party culture at the same time theyre disoriented. 5 Tips for Incoming College  Freshman Until colleges and universities realize that they need to transform the social scene on their campuses as well as improve the awareness and prevention programs, the responsibility for increasing sexual assault awareness is  going to fall on parents and students. In order to protect themselves, college freshman  need to become more aware of the risks of sexual assault as well as to learn how to protect themselves in their new and often unfamiliar environment.   Most Americans understand that acquaintance sexual assault (when an acquaintance assaults another acquaintance, such as when a boss gets handsy with an underling at a Christmas party) is much more typical than stranger sexual asssault (when a stranger breaks into someone’s apartment and rapes her), Grigoriadis explains.  But I think that in college, both genders need to understand that they are surrounded by a ton of acquaintances, and not everyone is to be trusted. Here are some additional tips that  Grigoriadis offers.   Be aware of the red zone. Sociologists who study sexual assault call the beginning of freshman year, the red zone or the riskiest part of a college womans life.  In fact,  United Educators, America’s largest collegiate insurance company, estimates that 73 percent of college sexual assault victims are freshmen or sophomores, and 88 percent of gang-rape victims are freshmen. During this period, an  unaffiliated female student (meaning a freshman before she enters a sorority) is the most at risk of all students on campus for assault. Why? She’ll be at a strange frat or a new dormitory, or she’ll be hanging out with a guy she wouldn’t invite to her room if she already had a strong clique, or she’ll be getting stinking drunk, possibly because she’s had little drinking experience in the past,  Grigoriadis explains.   All of these things put her at a very high risk for sexual assault because she is a new environment, with few if any strong contacts. Whats more,  Grigoriadis  says that new students should not be thrust into a risky party culture at a time when they are bound to be disoriented. They are signing up for classes, making new friends, learning the campus map, and letting their guard down.   Remember who your friends are. Kids today are under the illusion that the friends they have on Facebook and Snapchat are truly their friends, says  Grigoriadis. Those 500 friends are not truly their friends. And thinking that they are is dangerous. If you go to a party, and you think you’re surrounded by friends, you may be likelier to follow a guy who says he wants to get beer from his apartment back to that apartment, and before you know it, you’re in an apartment with a locked door and someone who is definitely not a true friend. Grigoriadis says the same goes for guys. They need to  realize that taking female classmates home who they feel they are friends with because they liked each others pictures on Instagram is dangerous. Girls have been speaking out loudly about how violated they feel by many of their sexual experiences in college, and you don’t want to be one of those guys who violates someone even if you didn’t mean to, Grigoriadis says.  Boys need rules for their super-casual hookups, and one of those rules should be that you don’t take home any girl who seems too drunk to consent.   Dont get involved in group chats. According to  Grigoriadis, she always advises  freshman boys to stay off of group chat with other students. They shouldn’t start group chats with guys from their dorm floor, or their pledge class, or their athletic group, she says. There is no benefit to the type of conversation guys are having with each other at 4 a.m. on group chat. At that time of night, this technology becomes a way of egging each other on to have sex. And it’s impossible to imagine that for some guys, this wont involve taking advantage of girls. Don’t forget that Brock Turner at Stanford was group-texting with his buddies from the Stanford swim team around the time he assaulted that girl behind the dumpster. Stay in a group at all times.  Grigoriadis says her number one tip for incoming freshman girls is to stay in a group.  As dumb as you may feel sticking together in a little herd walking through campus to frat parties, do that. And dont leave any freshman girl behind when you go home, she says.   She also points out that the primary risk of sexual assault is not at the actual frat party. It’s after the frat party. It’s when you go back to a guy’s off-campus apartment after the party because they ran out of beer at the party. Or even when you go back to your dorm at 2 a.m., and decide to hang out in the room of a guy you only met once before when you were getting a slice of pizza in town but who happens to live two floors down from you. You need to be very clear about why you’re in that guy’s room at 2 a.m. She stressed that just hanging out is not a clear enough reason. If you want to hook up with him, great. If you don’t want to hook up with him, go back to your room. Boundaries and good decision-making are key here. Don’t put yourself in a dangerous situation. Use yes means yes as a guideline. In the past, the rule about consensual sex was that no means no meaning that a woman had to say no in order to stop the mans behavior. But  Grigoriadis says she has found that yes means yes is a much better guideline.   That means that guys now have to explicitly ask or receive some sort of signal about whether a woman wants to have sex, she says. Silence is no longer consent. A boy could say, ‘Are you good with this?’ And the girl can answer.   Whats more, if the girl is too drunk to answer yes, then it is not consensual. Grigoriadis feels this new guideline would be extremely effective if universities adopted it.   A Word From Verywell Sexual assault on college campuses is a growing problem that parents and students need to take the time to learn more about. And because U.S. colleges and universities are still trying to catch up with the changing sexual climate, the responsibility for educating incoming freshmen about the risks of sexual assault falls on the parents and the students themselves. Whats more, parents and students need to realize that sexual assault on college campuses is different than the commonly-held view of rape. We’re not talking about a stranger hiding in the bushes outside the library. And many times we’re  not even talking about physical violence or emotionally abusive tactics, Grigoriadis explains. This is stupid, immature, and yes, criminal behavior by adolescent guys who cross the line when they think they can get away with it. The key is to make sure your college freshman not only understands that the risks  are real but also knows how to reduce the likelihood it will happen in her life.

5 Things College Freshmen Should Know About Sexual Assault

5 Things College Freshmen Should Know About Sexual Assault February 16, 2018 PeopleImages/istock More in Relationships Violence and Abuse Spouses & Partners LGBTQ In an open letter posted online, Kenyon alumnus Michael Hayes details how Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio mishandled the sexual assault of his sister, Chelsie. In his letter, he says that the college betrayed his trust and failed his sister when the lengthy administrative process eventually found the accused not guilty. His blunt account of what happened is not an uncommon story on college campuses. Sexual assault at U.S.  universities is a serious problem.  In fact, there is an epidemic of sexual assault with one  in five women and one in 16 men being sexually assaulted while in college, according to the National Sexual Violence Resource Center. What Should College Administrators Do Differently? Advocates say one reason the frequency of sexual assault on campuses continues to be high is that college administrators are in denial about the scope of the problem. They also point out fragmented reporting channels; long, cumbersome reporting procedures;  and the desire to maintain a certain public image as the reasons victims and their cases  are not being helped appropriately. According to  Vanessa Grigoriadis, author of  Blurred Lines: Rethinking Sex, Power Consent on Campus, 99 percent of college anti-assault orientation programs are not effective. Whats more, she says almost all American schools teach bystander education seminars which help students learn to stop assaults themselves. But the only program that is proven to work is an advanced type of womens self defense. And according to Grigoriadis, only three universities teach this type right now. These are Oregon, Ohio University, and Florida Atlantic University.   I think most Ivy League schools are doing an excellent job as well, Grigoriadis adds.  I also recently read the rules about sex put out by the University of Iowa, and I found them impressive. Christian universities have been slower to adopt many rules and protect their female students, but they are giving it a shot now. However, any school that has a major football team bringing in a ton of revenue could have some corruption within that team. Colleges need to admit to themselves that American kids form their sexual identities when they’re in college; even if that isn’t on the curriculum, that’s what a lot of students are there to do, Grigoriadis adds.  Armed with this knowledge, they should take a hard look at their party culture. They don’t need to sign up kids for orientation seminars about not raping, which is what they are doing right now. They need to address the binge drinking and out of control social life on their campuses, particularly at male-dominated frats and football parties. In her book,  Grigoriadis  says that universities also  could improve the situation by banning frat parties during the beginning weeks of college. Kids going to these parties...have just left their childhood homes, she writes. They should not be thrust into a risky party culture at the same time theyre disoriented. 5 Tips for Incoming College  Freshman Until colleges and universities realize that they need to transform the social scene on their campuses as well as improve the awareness and prevention programs, the responsibility for increasing sexual assault awareness is  going to fall on parents and students. In order to protect themselves, college freshman  need to become more aware of the risks of sexual assault as well as to learn how to protect themselves in their new and often unfamiliar environment.   Most Americans understand that acquaintance sexual assault (when an acquaintance assaults another acquaintance, such as when a boss gets handsy with an underling at a Christmas party) is much more typical than stranger sexual asssault (when a stranger breaks into someone’s apartment and rapes her), Grigoriadis explains.  But I think that in college, both genders need to understand that they are surrounded by a ton of acquaintances, and not everyone is to be trusted. Here are some additional tips that  Grigoriadis offers.   Be aware of the red zone. Sociologists who study sexual assault call the beginning of freshman year, the red zone or the riskiest part of a college womans life.  In fact,  United Educators, America’s largest collegiate insurance company, estimates that 73 percent of college sexual assault victims are freshmen or sophomores, and 88 percent of gang-rape victims are freshmen. During this period, an  unaffiliated female student (meaning a freshman before she enters a sorority) is the most at risk of all students on campus for assault. Why? She’ll be at a strange frat or a new dormitory, or she’ll be hanging out with a guy she wouldn’t invite to her room if she already had a strong clique, or she’ll be getting stinking drunk, possibly because she’s had little drinking experience in the past,  Grigoriadis explains.   All of these things put her at a very high risk for sexual assault because she is a new environment, with few if any strong contacts. Whats more,  Grigoriadis  says that new students should not be thrust into a risky party culture at a time when they are bound to be disoriented. They are signing up for classes, making new friends, learning the campus map, and letting their guard down.   Remember who your friends are. Kids today are under the illusion that the friends they have on Facebook and Snapchat are truly their friends, says  Grigoriadis. Those 500 friends are not truly their friends. And thinking that they are is dangerous. If you go to a party, and you think you’re surrounded by friends, you may be likelier to follow a guy who says he wants to get beer from his apartment back to that apartment, and before you know it, you’re in an apartment with a locked door and someone who is definitely not a true friend. Grigoriadis says the same goes for guys. They need to  realize that taking female classmates home who they feel they are friends with because they liked each others pictures on Instagram is dangerous. Girls have been speaking out loudly about how violated they feel by many of their sexual experiences in college, and you don’t want to be one of those guys who violates someone even if you didn’t mean to, Grigoriadis says.  Boys need rules for their super-casual hookups, and one of those rules should be that you don’t take home any girl who seems too drunk to consent.   Dont get involved in group chats. According to  Grigoriadis, she always advises  freshman boys to stay off of group chat with other students. They shouldn’t start group chats with guys from their dorm floor, or their pledge class, or their athletic group, she says. There is no benefit to the type of conversation guys are having with each other at 4 a.m. on group chat. At that time of night, this technology becomes a way of egging each other on to have sex. And it’s impossible to imagine that for some guys, this wont involve taking advantage of girls. Don’t forget that Brock Turner at Stanford was group-texting with his buddies from the Stanford swim team around the time he assaulted that girl behind the dumpster. Stay in a group at all times.  Grigoriadis says her number one tip for incoming freshman girls is to stay in a group.  As dumb as you may feel sticking together in a little herd walking through campus to frat parties, do that. And dont leave any freshman girl behind when you go home, she says.   She also points out that the primary risk of sexual assault is not at the actual frat party. It’s after the frat party. It’s when you go back to a guy’s off-campus apartment after the party because they ran out of beer at the party. Or even when you go back to your dorm at 2 a.m., and decide to hang out in the room of a guy you only met once before when you were getting a slice of pizza in town but who happens to live two floors down from you. You need to be very clear about why you’re in that guy’s room at 2 a.m. She stressed that just hanging out is not a clear enough reason. If you want to hook up with him, great. If you don’t want to hook up with him, go back to your room. Boundaries and good decision-making are key here. Don’t put yourself in a dangerous situation. Use yes means yes as a guideline. In the past, the rule about consensual sex was that no means no meaning that a woman had to say no in order to stop the mans behavior. But  Grigoriadis says she has found that yes means yes is a much better guideline.   That means that guys now have to explicitly ask or receive some sort of signal about whether a woman wants to have sex, she says. Silence is no longer consent. A boy could say, ‘Are you good with this?’ And the girl can answer.   Whats more, if the girl is too drunk to answer yes, then it is not consensual. Grigoriadis feels this new guideline would be extremely effective if universities adopted it.   A Word From Verywell Sexual assault on college campuses is a growing problem that parents and students need to take the time to learn more about. And because U.S. colleges and universities are still trying to catch up with the changing sexual climate, the responsibility for educating incoming freshmen about the risks of sexual assault falls on the parents and the students themselves. Whats more, parents and students need to realize that sexual assault on college campuses is different than the commonly-held view of rape. We’re not talking about a stranger hiding in the bushes outside the library. And many times we’re  not even talking about physical violence or emotionally abusive tactics, Grigoriadis explains. This is stupid, immature, and yes, criminal behavior by adolescent guys who cross the line when they think they can get away with it. The key is to make sure your college freshman not only understands that the risks  are real but also knows how to reduce the likelihood it will happen in her life.